Congestion Of Congestion Based Fees

Congestion Of Congestion Based Fees

Congestion, particularly in urban centers, has received much attention due to the resulting higher absolute travel times and lower travel time reliability, that lead to higher fuel consumption and significant environmental impacts. In response to the high congestion delays and costs, researchers and policymakers have studied the need and the implications of implementing congestion–based fees in a bid to alleviate congested network links and/or areas, and divert traffic as needed, temporally, spatially and modally, known as "triple divergence" (Downs, 1992). Proper evaluation of any congestion management strategy requires explicitly setting performance measures that can be used as indicators of how well the policy performs, and whether or not the initial goals are reached.

Congestion pricing is a widely used policy aiming to mitigate congestion along heavily congested facilities. The rationale behind congestion pricing is that users are charged a toll fee in order to use the facility, in a bid to alleviate congestion and improve travel time along this facility, and/or collect revenue to be allocated in congestion–mitigation projects that would enhance the users' experience and the system performance overall. There are different implementation schemes, depending on the level of sophistication that the agency wishes to achieve: unique vs. differentiated toll by vehicle type/class, fixed vs. dynamic toll rates based on the traffic conditions, tolled lanes in conjunction with

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